Improvement in cooling air and liquids



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'|LPETERS, FMOTO-LITHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

DANlEL E. SOMES, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN' COOLING AIR AND4 LIQUIDS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 101,392, dated March 29, 1870.

.which- Figure l is a section of a building or apartment with my improved devices arranged therein. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on line :r of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of a building, showing a roof covered upon the outside with fibrous material, which is kept moist by water delivered upon it. Fig. 4. shows a cooling-tube arranged over a tank for cooling beer.

The same letters are used in all the iigures to designate identical parts.

My invention relates to apparatus for cooling air and drying the same, especially designed for use in meat-packing houses, preserving-houses, breweries, vessels, cars, 85e., which it is desirable to cool or ventilate 5 and my improvements consist in the construction, combination, and arrangement of devices for vproducing the above-indicated results, as will more fully appear from the following specilication and claims.

To enable those skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

In the annexed drawings, A represents a wall, inclosing a chamber which may be used as a meat-packing room, preserving-room, cooling-room of a brewery, 85e. This wall I construct, by preference, as shown, with spaces between the layers, which may be simply airspaces, or they may be packed with good nonconducting substances. The room is covered by a roof, A1, also built multiple, as shown.

In some cases I prefer to construct this roof of meta-l plates, to be covered upon the outside with librous material, cloth, tow, or the like, which is constantly moistened by sprays of water discharged upon it from a pipe, A2, for the purpose of evaporatin g the water thereon, whereby heat is abstracted from the air under the root' in the room, cooling it and causing it to fall, while warmer air takes its place, to be cooled in-its turn. This roof may be built of double walls, as vshown in Fig. 3, with an intervening air-space. In this case suitable valves arearran ged in the inner wall of such root', which can be operated from the floor by means of chains or cords.

B represents a hollow cylinder or tube, extending from the bottom of the tankD upward through the roof to some distance above the same. Near its upper end a partition or diaphragm, B', is placed across it, forming a water-tight joint with the same, so as to form a water-reservoir on top of such tube,into which water is delivered through a pipe, B2, from any convenient source.

The shell of the waterreservoir lis perforated, as shown. The water passing through such perforations falls upon a covering, B3, of fibrous material wound around the tube all the Vway down the same to the point where it is enlarged to form a chamber for the reception of ice or other cooling substances. This enlarged portion is marked B4 in Fig. 1, it being provided with a suitable door, through which to introduce the cooling substance. By the constant evaporation of water around the tube the air in it will be reduced intemperature. Near the roof, and in the room, the tube has valves B5, which, when opened, will cause the warm air in the upper part ot thc room to euter such tube, where it is then cooled.

hen this tube is arranged in the upper story of a building, I place a series of vertical pipes, BG, in its lower part, extending through the door, so that the room below may be cooled from above by the cool air passing down through them, such pipes being provided with suitable valves to open or shut them.

C represents a horizontal flue, passing around the tubeB a little distance above its ice-chamber, and connected at one end to a suctionblower, C, which draws the air through it for t-he purpose of rapidly evaporating the water on and in the iibrous covering, and discharges it upon a series of water-pipes, C2, inclosed in a chamber, C3, to again abstract from it the watery vapor with which it has been charged on passing over the wet tube B.

The dried air passes out of the chamber Cf back into the room, to be used overl again, while the watery vapor is condensed on the water-pipes and falls into the bottom of the chamber, from which it may be drawn olf from time to time.

Instead of the water-pipes, plates of metal or other good condensing substance may be used for drying the air.

D represents what may be a tank for salting meat, placed upon the oor of the room surrounding the ice-chamber of the tube B; or it may be a box containing a number of preserving chambers, in which to preserve fruits, vegetables, Src.

E represents a tube, which is employed for cooling the air in the room without the assistance of cooling substances, it being either tapering, as shown, or straight, as may be preferred. Its top is some distance above the roof, and carries a water-reservoir like the tube B, into which water delivered, to be again discharged upon a fibrous covering, E, wound around the tube, for the purpose of evaporation to cool the air in the pipe. The lower end of this pipe or tube is left open, a pan, E2, being suspended under it to catch the water which results from the watery vapor in the air of the room being condensed on the cold surface of the pipe. Instead of this pan, gutters may be used, formed around the lower edge of the tube, as shown. In it an inner tube, E3, is arranged, with an air-space between the two, such inner tube extending up in the outer one for a considerable distance, the object being to provide a line for the warmer air in the room to pass up. This warm air, passing over the top of the inner ue or tube, comes in contact with the cold surface of the outer one and is cooled, on which it falls down the space between the two tubes back into the room.

Valves E4 may also be arranged in the outer tube, near the roof, to admit the warm air into it to be cooled, if desired.

F represents a cylindrical shell, resting upon legs or standards, and inclosing a series of water-pipes, F, it being open at both ends.

Cold water drawn from a well, F2, is made to circulate through these pipes, from which, after passing through the whole series. it is again discharged into the same well. The surfaces of these pipes will thus be kept cold, and the air, on coming in contact with them, will be cooled, and its watery vapor be condensed on the pipes, thus drying it, in which cooled and dried condition it falls down upon the articles which may be placed in a tank, D, under the pipes or back into the room. The condensed vapor is caught by the tank or by a pan, from which it can be drawn off.

G and G are ventilating-tubes, provided with the ordinary hood and vane on top and dampers or valves beneath, the hoods and vanes being so arranged, respectively, that the wind will blow into one, to be directed into the room, while the air is drawn by the other tube out of the room and discharged into the atmosphere. The tube Gr, through which the wind blows into the room, is also provided with the appliances for evaporation, like the tubes B and E.

In Fig. 4 I have shown a tank used for cooling beer, arranged under a cooling-tube such as described. I propose to cover the tank, so that the cold air passing down the tube shall come in contact with the beer only, which enables me to reduce its temperature in a much shorter time than is accomplished in the ordinary manner.

In Fig. 3 Ihave shown the roof of the building or apartment supported by pillars. Whenever such pillars are employed, Ipropose to let water circulate through them, for the purpose of cooling the air in the room, as also of drying the same. Its watery vapor, with which it may be charged, ou comingin contact with the cold surface of the pillars, condensing, will run down them, and may be drawn off by means of gutters, or in other convenient manner. To this end I cast nozzles on the base of each pillar and near the capital, to which to connect the water-pipes, as shown in said figure. In such cases the ends of the pillars must, of course, be closed. Hereby a simple, cheap, and very effective means is obtained to produce theresults sought to be effected.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s-

1. Aroof covered with fibrous material, and cooled substantially in the nia-nner set forth.

2. In combination with a roof covered with fibrous material, and cooled as set forth, an inner roof or ceiling with an intervening airspace and dampers, substantially as set forth.

3. The tube B, with a fibrous jacket and means for moistening the same, in combination with the flue C and blower Cl, substantially as set forth.

4. The condensing chamber or apparatus, the flue C, and the blower C, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. The tube B, ilue C, blower G1, and condensing chamber or apparatus, substantially as set forth.

6. 'Ihe cooling-tube E, with valves E4 and inner tube, E3, substantially as set forth.

7. A building or apartment with the cooling-tubes B or E and Ventilating-tubes G and G', substantially as set forth.

8. The water-pipes F1, inclosing shell or casing F, with a tank or chamber below such shell, substantially as set forth.

9. A building or apartment with pillars, through which water is made to circulate, substantially as set forth.

10. Any one or more of the herein-described devices or processes for cooling or drying, in combination with a building or apartment constructed with double or multiple walls, substantially as set forth.

I). E. SOMES.

Witnesses:

F. C. Scams, B. R. SoMEs. 

